Discussion of basic bone physiology and the clinical application of metabolic bone turnover markers in prevention of fractures.

Hypercalciuria (excessive urinary excretion of calcium) is probably common in adults with developmental disabilities. This may increase the risk for kidney stones, renal damage, as well as loss of bone mineral density and fracture. Hypercalciuria may improve when vitamin D deficiency is corrected and also with use of thiazide diuretics.